DEMENTIA

Dementia is decline in memory and other cognitive skills. It is characterized by the progressive and persistent deterioration of cognitive function. It is most commonly seen in older age group, however it can affect even younger people. Important causes include Alzheimer disease, vascular disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Lewy body disease, Parkinson disease, HIV infection, Huntington disease, prion disease, substance and or medication use, traumatic brain injury. Patients may present with symptoms of changes in behaviour, getting lost in familiar neighbourhoods, memory loss, mood changes, aggression, social withdrawal, self-neglect, cognitive difficulty, personality changes, difficulty performing tasks, forgetfulness, difficulty in communication, loss of independence.